| 1995-date | | Professor Electrical Engineering, University of California, Riverside. |
| 1990-95 | | Founding Dean, College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside and Professor of Electrical Engineering. |
| 1984-89 | | Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara. |
| 1984 | | Department Head, Robotics Technology Research, AT&T Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, N.J. |
| 1983-84 | | Supervisor, Device Robotics Research, AT&T Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, N.J. |
| 1982-83 | | Member of technical staff, robotics, AT&T Bell Laboratories. |
| 1979-81 | | Member of technical staff, device physics, AT&T Bell Laboratories. |
| 1976-79 | | Research on high-energy density Solid State Batteries for mobile robots and computer modeling of transducers. |